A Computer network is nothing more than two or more computer connected together so that they can exchange data and information, share resources. In general a computer network is an interconnection of various computer system located at same or different places.
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Chapter
1 Introduction to computer network (pptx)
Chapter
1.2 protocal Layers
Chapter
1.3 Application layer
Chapter
1.4 Transport layer
Chapter
1.5 Network layer
Chapter
2.1 Link layer and Local Area network
Chapter
2.2 Multimedia Networking
Other Related topics
IPV6
network
Multicast
and multicast Routing
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Uses of the computer Network
•Exchange of information between different computers. (File sharing)
• Interconnected small computers in place of large computers.
• Communication tools (voice , video)
• Some applications and technologies are examples of Distributed system. (Railway
reservation system, Distributed databases etc).
Network Architecture
- Client server network
•Each client is assigned as account name and password that is verified by an
authentication service.
•The authentication service guards access to the network.
•With the centralization of user accounts, security and access control, server
based networks simplify the administration of large network.
•The concentration of network resources such as files, printers and
applications on servers also makes it easier to backup and maintain the data.
•Resource can be located on specialized dedicated servers for easier access.
Advantages
•Easier to administer when the network is large.
•All data can be backed up on one central location.
•Highly secure due to centralized control.
Disadvantages
•Requires expensive, more powerful hardware for the server machines.
•Has a single point of failure user data is unavailable when the server is
down. •Requires expensive specialized network administrative and operational
software. •Requires a professional administrator.
2. Peer to peer Network
•Network computers act as equal partners, or peers.
•Each computer can take on the client function or the server function.
•Suppose computer A may request for a file from computer B, which then sends
file to computer A. In this case, computer A acts like the client and computer
B as server. •At a later time, their role may be reserved; individual users
control their own resources.
•The users may decide to share certain files with other users.
•The users may also require authentication before they allow others to access
their resources. Since individual users make these decisions, there is no
central point of control or administration in the network.
Advantages
•Less expensive to implement.
•Doesn‘t require additional specialized network administration software.
•Doesn‘t require a dedicated network administrator.
Disadvantages
•Less secure.
•Each must be trained to perform administrative tasks.
•All machines sharing resources negatively impact the performance.